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Correspondence to Author: Esmail Mohseni¹, Habib Abbasi^2,3*, Zeinab Habibi³. 

¹Food Chemistry Lab, Ewaz School of Health, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran. Email: mohseniesmail210@gmail.com
^2*Department of Chemical Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran.
^3*Department of Nutrition Sciences, Ewaz School of Health, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran.

DOI: 10.52338/joes.2025.4474

Abstract:

This study investigates the degradation and removal of Sunset Yellow from simulated wastewater using oxidation and adsorption methods. A composite of vermiculite/iron oxide was synthesized via the co-precipitation method and utilized to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMO) for the degradation and removal of Sunset Yellow. The response surface method (RSM), based on the central composite design (CCD), was employed to optimize the effects of independent factors and their interactions on Sunset Yellow color removal. The maximum removal efficiency, exceeding 78.69%, was achieved at a pH of 4, Sunset Yellow concentration of 30 mg/L, persulfate oxidant dose of 75 mM, vermiculite/iron oxide composite dose of 3 g/L, and a reaction time of 20 minutes. The removal process of Sunset Yellow was enhanced with increasing temperature. The presence of chloride, nitrate, and carbonate reduced the degradation efficiency of Sunset Yellow by reacting with the main radicals. The proposed PMO activation mechanism indicated that SO4•- plays a pivotal role in the degradation removal. Toxicity tests conducted with Daphnia pulex revealed that the treated effluent necessitated further catalytic treatment and improved stabilization due to the presence of Fe ions and intermediates.

Citation:

Esmail Mohseni, Modification Of Mineral Vermiculite With Fe (II) To Remove Sunset Yellow Food Coloring From Water By Absorption And Oxidation Method: Optimization, Mechanism, Degradation Intermediates And Toxicity. Journal of Environmental And Sciences 2025.