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Correspondence to Author: Nikola Ilic, Bdrijan Larajlija. 

University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.

Abstract:

Background/Goals: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complicated neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by repetitive behaviors, limited interests, and difficulties with social communication. Recent research has demonstrated the critical functions that neuroglial cells, including oligodendrocytes, microglia, and astrocytes, play in neuroinflammation, synaptic function, and brain connection. These results provide a new understanding of the pathophysiology of ASD. The present understanding of neuroglial dysfunction in ASD is summarized in this review, with a focus on the pathophysiological causes, genetic factors, and possible therapeutic approaches.
Methods: Using knowledge from clinical research, neuroscience, and molecular biology, we carried out an extensive literature study. Particular attention was paid to the regulation of synaptic plasticity, glial-mediated neuroinflammatory processes, and the effects of genetic mutations on neuroglial signaling and homeostasis
Results: Defective oligodendrocyte-driven myelination, poor trocytic glutamate modulation, and aberrant synaptic pruning by microglia all contribute to neuronal architecture disruption in ASD. New treatments that target these pathways, such as cell-based methods, microglial modulators, and anti-inflammatory medications, have the potential to reduce important symptoms of ASD. A thorough foundation for comprehending the neuroglial contributions to ASD is established by this review. It advances our knowledge of the pathophysiology of ASD and opens the door for innovative therapeutic approaches that target neuroglial pathways by combining insights from several disciplines.

Keywords: Innovative Therapy; Neurogenetics; Neuroglia; Autism Spectrum Disorder (Asd).

Citation:

Dr. Nikola Ilic, Pathogenetic Understandings, Genetic Threads, And Therapeutic Prospects Of Neuroglial Dysregulation In Autism Spectrum Disorder. Advances in Behavioral Neuroscience 2025.