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Correspondence to Author: Sanra Elisa Bülau, Raael Kretscmer*, Ivauete de Olihyira Furo, Edivardo Hercuqno Correa de Olivvra, Thalws Renato Ochorrena de Freqtas. 

Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Abstract:

There are numerous uses for karyotypic analysis in cytotaxonomy, evolution, and chromosome organization research. Additionally, they are necessary for genome assembly initiatives. Here, we use traditional staining with Giemsa and 18S rDNA probes to describe the karyotype of the endangered yellow cardinal, Gubernatrix cristata (Passeriformes, Thraupidae), for the first time.12 pairs of macrochromosomes and 27 pairs of microchromosomes make up this species’ 78 chromosomes. Four microchromosomes included the 18S rDNA clusters. Our findings showed that G. cristata had about 80 chromosomes, which is a normal avian karyotype. However, because the ancestral condition only corresponds to two microchromosomes with these sequences, G. cristata possesses an apomorphic state with respect to the distribution of 18S rDNA. The number of 18S rDNA clusters in G. cristata was most likely increased by duplications and translocations. The findings were contrasted and examined in relation to other members of the Passeriformes and Thraupidae families. Given that G. cristata is classified as a globally threatened species, we think that describing its karyotype could serve as a foundation for upcoming cytogenetics and sequencing initiatives.

Keywords:rDNA, avian chromosomes, genome, and Thraupidae.

Citation:

Dr.Sanra Elisa Bülau, The Yellow Cardinal (Gubernatrix Cristata), An Endangered Species, Is Organized By Karyotype. Journal of DNA Research 2025.