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Authors:  Dinesh Khadka¹, Sarfaraz Ahmed Tharaganar Abubacker ¹, Sujan Shrestha², Sushil Dhakal³,  

1. Specialist Pathologist, Department of Pathology, Yasmed Medical Center Doha, Qatar. Specialist Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yasmed Medical Center Doha, Qatar.
2. Assistant Professor, National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS), Bir Hospital, Nepal.
3. Consultant Pathologist, Maya metro hospital, Dhangadi, Nepal.

DOI: 10.52338/tjocp.2024.4227

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic illness, caused due to resistance to insulin or poor production. Diagnostic criteria of Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been devised by World Health Organization (WHO), American Diabetes Association (ADA), based on plasma glucose level. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level remains the gold standard test for the assessment of glycemic control, and it reflects the mean glucose values in the previous 3 months period. HbA1c is expressed as a percentage, whereas the monitoring and treatment of diabetes are based on blood glucose levels expressed as mg/dL. It is appropriate to make it easy for the patient to understand both random blood sugar (RBS) and estimated average glucose (eAG) expressed with the same units. “Estimated average glucose” or eAG derived from HbA1c has been promoted by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). American Association of Clinical Chemists concludes that the correlation (r =0.92) is strong enough to justify reporting both HbA1c and eAG which indicate the 3 months control of the average sugar of the patient. This article determines the statistical correlation between eAG derived from HbA1C with RBS values both in diabetic and prediabetic subjects.
Methods: The RBS and HbA1c levels of 123 males and 39 females (12 – 70 years) were obtained and the eAG levels were calculated using Nathan’s regression equation. The samples were divided into three groups on the basis of HbA1c levels as group 1: HbA1c greater than or equal to 6.5% (diabetic),group 2: HbA1c 5.7 to 6.4% (prediabetic), and group 3: HbA1c less than 5.7% (non diabetic).
Results: A total of 162 (123 males and 39 females) were enrolled for the study. The mean ±SD values of RBS, HbA1c and eAG of the population were 167.44 ± 88.74 mg/dl, 7.23 ±2.14 % and 161.20 ± 61.43 mg/dl respectively. HbA1C values were significantly correlated with RBS (p 0.001) and eAG (p 0.001).
Conclusion: The clinical importance of HbA1C,eAG in diagnosis and management of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) can be re-emphasized by this study. HbA1C along with eAG may be added as a test in the management of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), for the better understanding and maintenance of good glycemic control. However, eAG and RBS values cannot be used interchangeably.

Citation:

Dr. Dinesh Khadka ,Correlation between Estimated Average Glucose Levels Calculated from HbA1C Values and Random Blood Glucose Levels in a Cohort of Subjects. The Journal of Clinical Pathology 2024.