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• case Report
• Open Access
• Davita Pav

People who receive frequent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations may show persistent reactive plasmin reagin (RPR) responses, as there have been reports of false positive RPR reactivity after a COVID-19 vaccination. Here, we aimed to examine the potential for chronic false RPR reactivity in a longitudinal cohort caused by repeated mRNA COVID-19 vaccinations. Manual RPR card assays were used to screen for RPR reactivity in 119 participants in a longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 cohort study that was approved by the IRB (#20201026).

• Review Article
• Open Access
• Etycha Kioui

The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the therapeutics of non-small celllung cancer (NSCLC) has been a game-changer in the management of patients with lung cancer;however, challenges do exist since a non-negligible subset of patients does not respond to therapy. Various immunotherapeutic anticancer strategies have been increasingly developed in recent years,including monoclonal antibodies, adoptive T-cell therapy, and vaccines. Fueled by their rapiddrug development and successful implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic, messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines represent an emerging therapeutic approach in other fields of medicine,including oncology. Several clinical trials are currently being conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of mRNA vaccines regarding a variety of solid tumors.Additionally, it has been proposed and is presently being researched to combine mRNA vaccines with other immunotherapeutic strategies.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Carvalho Sales

Brazil is the world’s second-largest producer of broiler chicken, and monitoring avian diseases is crucial for both global nutrition and the economy. High rates of animal carcass losses from aerosacculitis are caused by avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) infection, and these effects can be exacerbated by co-infection with pathogenic bacteria, especially Escherichia coli (APEC).

• Editorial
• Open Access
• Dad Naln

Significant progress has been achieved in the creation of novel cholera vaccines and vaccination prevention techniques. By creating vaccines with greater efficacy and longer duration of protection, particularly in young children and people from non-endemic areas, potential future objectives in this field could build on recent advancements.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Antoni De Frances

An enveloped, negative single-stranded RNA virus that is a member of the genus Morbillivirus, family Paramyxoviridae, and subfamily Orthoparamyxovirinae is the cause of measles, a highly contagious respiratory infection [1].Patients present with a maculopapular exanthema that extends from the face to the extremities following a 10- to 15-day incubation period. The subject is typically contagious for four days prior to the rash’s onset and four days following its disappearance.