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• Research Article
• Open Access
• Magarita Panova

The introduction of shunt operations in neurosurgical practice gave a chance for life to these patients and significantly improved its quality. Along with its positive effect, surgical treatment is associated with a number of complications that, together with hydrocephalus itself, affect the subsequent development of shunted patients in the short and long term.

• Mini Review
• Open Access
• Barald K Tudler

It has long been assumed, and has only recently become clear, that refractive surgical treatments have an effect on the biomechanics of the membrane. As a result, understanding the underlying biomechanical mechanism of such procedures is even more important.

• Editorial
• Open Access
• Harish Pazar

isual impairment worldwide. Although the majority of eye disease patients are elderly, inherent eye disease (CG) and childhood glaucomas are important causes of visual incapacity.

• Review Article
• Open Access
• Navendran B

Cirrus HD Oct. to examine the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness associated with blind spot parameters in visual disorder and fellow eyes in medical specialty patients with an isometropic vision defect.

• Case Report
• Open Access
• Hongajay S

:The patient had a history of disseminated lupus erythematosus and natural membrane action, as well as a decrease in sharp-sightedness in his right eye over a three-day period.

• Review Article
• Open Access
• Faradh B

Diabetic retinopathy and macular lump are complicated diseases. VEGF plays an important role in the pathological process of non-chronic diabetic macular lump, and VEGF blockade agents can improve vision.

• Case Report
• Open Access
• Abraham Tamir

The essence of Einstein’s world lies in the concept of relativity. He described it once in the following way: “When you sit with a nice girl for two hours, it seems like two minutes. When you sit on a hot stove for two minutes, it seems like two hours; that’s relativity he said.” Einstein also boldly stated that there are no absolute quantities.

• Case Report
• Open Access
• Stella Ngozi Onwubiko

To determine the prevalence, causes and profile of unilateral absolute blindness in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu, Nigeria.