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• Case Report
• Open Access
• Dr. Thiago Augusto Rochetti Bezerra

Foreign body aspiration (FBA) in elderly patients is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening event. Diagnosis is often delayed due to atypical presentations and the absence of radiographic evidence, particularly for radiolucent organic material.

• Case Report
• Open Access
• Dr. Thiago Augusto Rochetti Bezerra

Encysted pleural effusion (EPE) is a rare, complex condition characterized by fluid accumulation in the pleural space, often associated with infectious etiologies such as pneumonia, empyema, and tuberculosis. Traditionally, the management of EPE has involved invasive procedures, including drainage and decortication. However, recent studies suggest that antibiotics, when appropriately tailored to the infectious etiology, may effectively resolve EPE without the need for intervention.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Dr. Thiago Augusto Rochetti Bezerra

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disease associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially in acute exacerbations that require admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and invasive ventilatory support. Considering the pathophysiological complexity of COPD, standardized therapies are not always effective and individualized management is necessary.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Dr. Vaishnavi B. Shiravale

Acute nonproductive cough, often caused by upper respiratory tract infections, is a very common and disturbing symptom. Conventional treatments often cause undesirable side effects, and existing herbal formulations lack sufficient efficacy data, highlighting the need for safer approaches. A randomized, controlled clinical study that compared efficacy of polyherbal syrup (GP/PROD/2021/004) versus marketed syrup for relief of acute nonproductive cough and throat irritation.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Noman Mansoor

A 48-year-old female with a history of COVID-19 presented two and a half months later with persistent fever and shortness of breath. Initial imaging revealed multiple lung opacities, which were atypical for post-COVID pneumonia. Despite antibiotic and corticosteroid treatment, the lesions persisted. A biopsy of the lung tissue suggested a granulomatous process, and further investigations ruled out tuberculosis and fungal infections.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Md. Arifur Rahman

The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) provides a more sensitive, specific, and efficient approach for identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in comparison to traditional (AFB) smear and culture procedures. This research seeks to evaluate the potential benefits of replacing the nested PCR technique with the Xpert MTB/rifampicin (RIF) test for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an area with a moderate incidence of tuberculosis (TB).

• Case Report
• Open Access
• Julián Rondón-Carvajal

Silicosis is a lung disease caused by the inhalation of crystalline silica particles included in the group of pneumoconiosis or occupational lung diseases, which, in turn, are included among the diffuse interstitial lung diseases.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Elias Ezo

Ventilation-associated pneumonia is the foremost as often as possible life-threatening nosocomial disease in intensive care units. It increases dismalness and mortality rates in mechanically, ventilated patients.