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Correspondence to Author: Lizett Maticsek ¹ , János Juhász ^1,2, Márk Ágh-Hamza¹ , Ema Perolli ¹ , Kende Lőrincz ³ , Franciska Erdő ^1* . 

1. Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics
2. Semmelweis University, Institute of Medical Microbiology
3. Semmelweis University, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatological Oncology

DOI: 10.52338/tjocm.2026.4566

Abstract:

Background/Objectives:This cross-sectional observational study addresses the limited population-specific reference data on skin physiology in the Central European region. It aims to characterize the dermatological status of healthy volunteers from different age groups and genders, assessing the variability and reliability of skin barrier and physiological parameters. The study seeks to provide reference data and evaluate inter-individual variability in relation to age, gender, and body region, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of regional skin physiology.
Methods: The study involved healthy volunteers from Pázmány Péter Catholic University and Semmelweis University in Budapest, Hungary, divided into junior (18-30 years) and senior (50+ years) groups of both genders. Skin elasticity, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), hydration (stratum corneum and epidermis), color (erythema and melanin), and pH were measured on the face, hand, and forehead using noninvasive biophysical instruments (Delfin Instruments). Statistical analysis was performed using R software, employing non-parametric methods such as Spearman correlation, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Results: Aging was associated with decreases in elasticity and hydration across all anatomical sites. Anatomical region was the strongest contributor to variability, with each site exhibiting a distinct biophysical profile. Gender effects were observed, with males showing higher erythema and melanin values, particularly on the face and forehead, while females tended to have lower values.
Conclusions: This study establishes baseline reference values for skin physiological parameters in the Central European white population. The findings highlight the importance of considering age, gender, and anatomical region in dermatological research and clinical evaluations, supporting the development of tailored cosmetic and skincare strategies.

Keywords: Skin physiology; Central European white population; aging; gender; anatomical region; elasticity; hydration; TEWL; erythema; melanin; pH..

Citation:

Dr.Franciska Erdő, Cross-Sectional Observational Skin Diagnostic Study to Characterize the Dermatological Status of Junior and Senior Subjects from Both Genders in the Central European Region. The Journal of Clinical Medicine 2026.